Linux Operations and Diagnostics for Web Servers

Linux servers in web operations require quick access to directories, services, network, and load. The following blocks cover typical tasks in day-to-day operations.

Important directories

• /var/www/ for webroot and delivery
• /etc/nginx/ for web server configuration
• /etc/php/ for PHP configuration
• /etc/systemd/ for services and workers
• /var/log/ for logs
• /etc/ssl/certs for certificates

Read network and reachability

This block shows name resolution, open ports, addresses, routes, and socket states.

Read processes, memory, and filesystem

These commands show load, sessions, memory, and used directories.

Control services with systemd

Follow logs

Logs show service state, errors, and requests directly.

Key points

• Fixed directories make orientation easier
• ss, ip, and dig show reachability
• ps, df, and free show load and usage
• systemctl and journalctl show service state and logs

See also

• Firewall, SSH, and Access Rules for Web Servers
• Apache and Nginx for Web Projects